30

country, so there was a widespread feeling of solidarity based on a common political outlook in the west. Finally, the fear of a hard-driving. Monolithic, world-wide Communism, backed by the Soviet Union, gave a strong ideological anti-Communist cast to NATO which added passion to realpolitik.

	Clearly, those conditions no longer exist. Western Europe is no longer economically dependent on the United States, and there is no longer the widely shared feeling of a common political outlook. In that regard, the ideas and institutions of the United States no longer represent the hope of the world in the way they did in the late 1940's and the 1950's. In some political circles in Western Europe and Canada today, it is fashionable politically to be anti-American. There is no longer the strong, positive solidarity there once was, at the popular level, among the peoples of the Alliance. Thus, there is more play for the tendency to differentiate, to compete, not to follow a lead automatically.

	At the same time the dissolution of the unity of the Communist world has helped make anti-Communism less important as a unifying force in the West. Chancellor